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The sky's blue color is primarily due to a phenomenon called Rayleigh scattering. Sunlight, which appears white, is actually composed of a spectrum of colors. As this sunlight enters Earth's atmosphere, it encounters tiny air molecules, mostly nitrogen and oxygen. These molecules scatter the different colors of light in various directions.

Blue light, having a shorter wavelength, is scattered much more effectively than other colors like red and orange. This means that blue light is dispersed throughout the atmosphere, reaching our eyes from all directions, making the sky appear blue. While violet light has an even shorter wavelength and is scattered even more, our eyes are more sensitive to blue light, and some violet light is absorbed in the upper atmosphere. This is why we perceive the sky as blue, rather than violet.